Aqueous Solution Definition

Aqueous Solution Definition Aqueous Definition Aqueous is a term used to describe a system which involves water. The word aqueous is also applied to describe a solution or mixture in which water is the solvent. When a chemical species has been dissolved in water, this is denoted by writing (aq) after the chemical name. Hydrophilic (waters of nonelectrolytes include sugar, glycerol, urea, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). Properties of Aqueous Solutions Aqueous solutions often conduct electricity. Solutions that contain strong electrolytes tend to be good electrical conductors (e.g., seawater), while solutions that contain weak electrolytes tend to be poor conductors (e.g., tap water). The reason is that strong electrolytes completely dissociate into ions in water, while weak electrolytes incompletely dissociate. When chemical reactions occur between species in an aqueous solution, the reactions are usually double displacement (also called metathesis or double replacement) reactions. In this type of reaction, the cation from one reactant takes the place for the cation in the other reactant, typically forming an ionic bond. Another way to think of it is that the reactant ions switch partners. Reactions in aqueous solution may result in products that are soluble in water or they may produce a precipitate. A precipitate is a compound with a low solubility that often falls out of solution as a solid. The terms acid, base, and pH only apply to aqueous solutions. For example, you can measure the pH of lemon juice or vinegar (two aqueous solutions) and they are weak acids, but you cant obtain any meaningful information from testing vegetable oil with pH paper. Will It Dissolve? Whether or not a substance forms an aqueous solution depends on the nature of its chemical bonds and how attracted the parts of the molecule are to the hydrogen or oxygen atoms in water. Most organic molecules wont dissolve, but there are solubility rules that can help identify whether or not an inorganic compound will produce an aqueous solution. In order for a compound to dissolve, the attractive force between a part of the molecule and hydrogen or oxygen has to be greater than the attractive force between water molecules. In other words, dissolution requires forces greater than those of hydrogen bonding. By applying the solubility rules, its possible to write a chemical equation for a reaction in aqueous solution. Soluble compounds are denoted using the (aq), while insoluble compounds form precipitates. Precipitates are indicated using (s) for solid. Remember, a precipitate does not always form! Also, keep in mind precipitation is not 100%. Small amounts of compounds with low solubility (considered insoluble) actually do dissolve in water.

Reflecting on critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflecting on critique - Assignment Example We try to freeze the moment with the help of photography, capture the history that is why photography is something that shows us what happened and will never repeat again. That is why the art of photography as a genre is complicated in terms of time, authenticity, and artistic value. Photographic image is completely different from all the other types of images as it possesses great power and potency. It is capable of telling a story, serving as the evidence of the event or a person and at the same time retrieved from the context it can become a pure visual form. Traditionally photography served as a means of documentation of social and family life, and as soon as it appeared it became a privilege of certain classes. For a long time any portrait photography remained a luxury, an exclusive thing, a product that emphasized social status first of all and was affordable only to higher classes of society. Miniature or big family portraits adorned bedrooms of those who could afford going to salons to take a picture (Tagg, 1988, 53). In a broader sense documentary photography aimed to depict such events and circumstances that were inaccessible or not easily accessible. Documentary photography flourished during historically important events initially, such as American Civil War for instance, when whole photography archives were created. That type of photography was based on the principle of objectivity and trustfulness, and photography was and still remains a means of information transfer for a long time. With media empowering photojournalism became a separate type of documentation based on the capacity to demonstrate the information that is unknown or hidden (Stapp, 2007, 691). Later photography became a pure visual art in which depiction of reality and its documentation has lost its primary significance. Fashion, travelling magazines made artistic photography goods for selling. Photography has turned into a product as people learned how to evoke the

Intels corporate ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Intels corporate ethics - Essay Example â€Å"This $2 million plant is only 0.1% of what Intel spent to build this facility.† (What Intel has done and is doing, n.d.). The US is the greatest inventor of the world and Intel is one of the greatest innovator of the world. There is no doubt it can make the most enormous contributions towards dealing with the world’s major problem—the environment problem. Yet the huge profits have caused Intel to act blindly in this area. Greed is no doubt the key factor in ignoring the environmental problems. Corporate heads get greedy and lust for profits and ignore citizens’ welfare. In Hamidi’s (n.d.) website, ‘Intel is being accused for causing air pollution by using toxic solvents. The air pollution in that area was about three times higher than the acceptable limit. The History of Intel’s Toxic Chemical Release in Corrales (n.d.) states, people have developed respiratory and skin problems. New Mexico has also been known to have droughts. It is extremely hot in the summer. Yet one of the largest consumers of their water is Intel. Intel has built such a huge facility with no water recycling system. On the Intel website, the US Environmental Protection Agency says this is a very dangerous practice. There was a debate on how to deal with this issue and they had conducted studies. In the site for NM risk assessment on the Intel website (n.d.), â€Å"the EPA wants manufacturers to take responsibility for the products, throughout their life, particularly when they contain hazardous materials.†